JURNAL ILMIAH GEMA PERENCANA

Realizing the Integration of Community Health Center Management Information Systems in Bima City: Interoperability Policy and Human Resource Competence to Address the Double Workload of Officers

Wildanul Hakim — Tue, 20 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This policy paper provides a policy overview that examines the crucial issue of the high administrative workload of Community Health Center staff in Bima City caused by the practice of double data input (manual and digital), which directly reduces the effectiveness of clinical service time for patients. This problem is analyzed as rooted in three main dimensions: limited information system interoperability, the use of heterogeneous legacy technology, and low Human Resources competency due to irrelevant training. The methodology used in writing this policy is Qualitative Policy Analysis through the Structural Problem Analysis approach and Comprehensive Literature Review. This analysis involves mapping the problem using a causality framework, evaluating policy alternatives based on William N. Dunn's criteria, and tracing regulatory support from the Health Law to the Minister of Health Regulation on Electronic Medical Records. The results conclude that the failure of integration is not merely a technical problem, but rather a failure of governance that triggers Human Resources inefficiency and a decline in data quality. The main policy recommendation is the simultaneous issuance of two Mayoral Regulations: 1) the Mayoral Regulation on Interoperability Standards and One Health Data that enforces system standardization to address the root of the technological problem, and 2) the Mayoral Regulation on Digital Competency Certification and Electronic-Based Service Performance Indicators that ties officer Performance Allowances to digital input compliance.

Managerial Certification for Raudhatul Athfal Principals as an Intervention Strategy to Increase Credibility and Public Enrollment Rates

Permeiningsih — Wed, 22 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Raudhatul Athfal (RA) is currently facing an institutional credibility crisis that has resulted in a low national Gross Enrollment Rate (APK) of 7.91%. This study aims to analyze the urgency of strengthening the managerial competency of RA leaders through an evidence-based policy approach, by reviewing research findings, the Ministry of Religious Affairs' 2025–2029 Strategic Plan, and the 2020–2024 BPS. The analysis reveals a serious regulatory contradiction in PMA Number 24 of 2018, which removes the requirement for managerial certification for new madrasas, thus widening the regulatory loophole previously regulated in PMA Number 58 of 2017. This indecisiveness is exacerbated by the Decree of the Director General of Islamic Education Number 1176 of 2024, which only positions assessment as data mapping without judicial binding power. As a result, the mechanism for appointing RA heads by the foundation is trapped in administrative formalities and familial subjectivity. As a strategic recommendation, this study proposes a revision of PMA No. 58 of 2017 to transform managerial certification into a mandatory "operational license" with strict passing grade standards. This policy must be integrated with fiscal instruments in the form of BOP fund distribution and the legality of Operational Permits (IJOP). Through this data-driven regulatory correction, it is hoped that professional and accountable RA governance will be created to enhance the institution's bargaining power and boost participation in Islamic early childhood education in a sustainable manner.

Mainstreaming Cash Waqf in Madrasah Curriculum: A Strategy for Integrating Islamic Philanthropic Literacy

Ferdinan Akrabi — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The utilization of cash waqf as an instrument for sustainable madrasah education in Indonesia still faces significant obstacles, rooted in low literacy and understanding among the academic community. This condition is triggered by the lack of systematic integration of cash waqf material into the curriculum, as well as the lack of contextual teaching materials that can connect classical Islamic jurisprudence doctrine with modern social finance practices. This policy paper aims to formulate a strategy for mainstreaming cash waqf as a strategic issue in the madrasah education system to create financial independence for the institution. The policy methodology applied is a descriptive qualitative analysis through an Evidence-Based Policy Making (EBPM) approach, which includes a systematic literature review, a comparative analysis of regulations between Law Number 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf and national curriculum standards, and stakeholder mapping. The analysis shows that without a clear formulation of competencies in the domains of knowledge, attitudes, and practical skills, cash waqf will continue to be viewed as peripheral, supplementary material. The study recommends three key policy interventions: reorienting Graduate Competency Standards (SKL) to prioritize philanthropic literacy, developing digital modules based on investment instruments such as Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS), and institutionalizing waqf management units as practical laboratories in madrasas. This integrated strategy is expected to transform madrasas from mere educational subjects into centers of an accountable Islamic philanthropic ecosystem, while equipping students with financial literacy relevant to future economic challenges.

Revitalization of Marriage Guidance Curriculum: Strengthening Religious Moderation for Family Resilience in Jambi Province

Rahmawati — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This paper highlights the critical gap between the high volume of marriage services in the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) of Jambi Province and the lack of substantive intervention regarding radicalism prevention in the Marriage Guidance (Bimwin) curriculum. Despite serving over 21,590 marriages in 2024, the current curriculum remains administrative-heavy and lacks adaptive content on religious moderation, leaving new families vulnerable to ideological infiltration. The study employs a qualitative policy analysis approach using the USG (Urgency, Seriousness, Growth) method to determine priority issues and the Fishbone diagram to identify root causes. Furthermore, alternative policy solutions are evaluated using William N. Dunn’s criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, and responsiveness. The analysis reveals that the absence of binding regulations and standardized curriculum integration is the core problem. The results indicate that issuing a Circular Letter (Surat Edaran) is the most viable policy alternative compared to pilot projects or forming special teams. Consequently, this study recommends that the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religious Affairs in Jambi Province immediately issue a Circular Letter mandating the integration of religious moderation and anti-radicalism materials into the Bimwin curriculum. This policy is expected to transform KUA from a mere administrative body into a proactive agent for strengthening national resilience through the family unit.

Eliminating the Phenomenon of Sleeping Assets: Productive Diversification Strategy and Nazir Competency Standardization as Pillars of Community Welfare

Nurhayati — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Optimizing waqf assets in Indonesia currently faces a serious obstacle in the form of a large proportion of idle land that has not been diversified into productive sectors. This phenomenon is rooted in the strong dominance of traditional and consumerist paradigms in society, which is exacerbated by low socio-economic fiqh literacy at the grassroots level. This condition limits the understanding of waqf to purely religious and social functions, thus failing to create sustainable economic added value for the welfare of the community. The policy methodology used in this study is a descriptive-qualitative approach with a multiple criteria analysis. Identification of priority problems was carried out using the USG (Urgency, Seriousness, Growth) method. Based on the USG analysis, the problem of the dominance of idle land and low productive diversification was determined as the main priority with the highest score (15). Next, four policy alternatives were evaluated using Eugene Bardach's Eight-Path Model, considering the criteria of effectiveness, efficiency, political acceptability, and technical feasibility. The results of the scoring analysis indicate that the policy alternative of providing tax incentives and facilitating licensing for waqf-based businesses is the most effective option with the highest total score (17). Therefore, this article recommends that the Minister of Religious Affairs issue a Joint Decree to transform the waqf paradigm into a competitive business model by attracting investors through fiscal incentives. Implementing this recommendation is expected to break the deadlock in optimizing idle land and encourage waqf's tangible contribution to national welfare.

Optimizing the Policy for Implementing the Guidance and Supervision Function of Marriage Requirements by Strengthening the Capacity of KUA Resources

Felna Mustapa — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The implementation of the guidance and supervision function for marriage requirements at the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) currently faces serious challenges that have implications for the validity of marriage legality and family resilience in Indonesia. This policy research aims to formulate strategies to optimize the KUA's function by strengthening human resource capacity to address weak document verification and the low quality of premarital guidance. The policy methodology used is a descriptive qualitative approach with Policy Research analysis methods, involving the study of regulatory documents, field observations, and descriptive analysis of secondary data on divorce rates and marital status disputes. The analysis was conducted by identifying gaps between the standard operating procedures stipulated in the regulations and the reality of technical capacity at the sub-district level. The study results indicate that the main factors contributing to weak supervision are an imbalance in the ratio of the number of registrars to their workload, a lack of digital literacy among officers in detecting data manipulation, and a fluctuating guidance budget. Consequently, the KUA's function is often reduced to merely an administrative recording institution rather than a guardian of the quality of family law.

Green Without Draining: Ending the Paradox of Resource Waste in the Implementation of the Green Madrasah Program in Indonesia

Korry Asri — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The Green Madrasah program in Indonesia is currently trapped in a paradox of maladaptation, where environmental conservation efforts actually trigger the depletion of water and financial resources due to assessment standards trapped in administrative formalities. This policy research aims to formulate a strategy for transforming green madrasah governance into a more sustainable one by eliminating greenwashing practices and bureaucratic burdens. The policy methodology used is a Descriptive-Qualitative Analysis with a Targeted Policy Study approach, which integrates a theoretical literature review—including Maladaptation and Institutionalism Theory—with secondary data analysis from the Indonesian Environmental Statistics and related regulations. The analysis is conducted by evaluating the gap between central agency assessment instruments and the reality of managerial capacity at the madrasah level. The analysis results indicate that a rigid orientation toward physical evidence has distorted the goals of ecological education into mere paperwork. As a solution, this article recommends a redesign of the assessment instrument through a Directorate General of Islamic Education Decree that shifts the focus from physical validation to the evaluation of substantive behavior change, supported by digitalized reporting, flexible BOS funds, and low-maintenance infrastructure standards. Implementing these recommendations is projected to restore madrasah financial stability, optimize water conservation, and restore their role as centers of authentic ecological character education. Through this paradigm shift, the concept of "Green Without Draining" can be realized as a new standard in Indonesia's Islamic education ecosystem that is efficient, transparent, and has long-term impact.

Improving Accountability in Temple Asset Management Through the Integrated Hindu Asset Management Information System Regulation

I Made Bayu Andika — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The low quality of governance of Hindu houses of worship in Indonesia, particularly regarding the uncertainty of legality and certification of land assets, has become a crucial issue that threatens the physical existence of holy places from the risk of land disputes and third-party claims. This policy paper aims to formulate a strategy for governance transformation by strengthening the digital administration system to ensure legal certainty for religious assets. The policy methodology used in this study is a qualitative-descriptive approach with multi-criteria analysis (MCA) techniques and the William N. Dunn scoring method, which evaluates various regulatory alternatives based on aspects of effectiveness, efficiency, and accountability. Based on the analysis results, this paper recommends the urgency of establishing a Minister of Religious Affairs Regulation on the Integrated Hindu Asset Management Information System (SIMA-H) as an instrument for integrating spatial and legal data capable of mitigating the risk of disputes preventively. The implementation of this policy is supported by theoretical support for stewardship and certainty of agrarian law, and requires institutional synergy through strengthening the legal literacy of house of worship managers. The scoring results indicate that digitizing asset management is the most responsive step in addressing data disparities and the weakness of traditional documentation that has been based on oral tradition.

Policy Analysis for Equitable Distribution of Islamic Senior High Schools in Underdeveloped Regions

Sarini — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The unequal distribution of Madrasah Aliyah (Islamic Senior High School) between urban and underdeveloped areas in Indonesia is a major obstacle to achieving equitable access to secondary education. This policy paper aims to analyze the urgency of equalizing educational units through the integration of geospatial information systems and affirmative action policies. Currently, madrasah development is still dominated by an urban bias paradigm that prioritizes densely populated areas for fiscal efficiency, thus creating a blank spot phenomenon or blind access areas in remote areas. As a result, there is a stagnation in the Gross Enrollment Rate (APK) and an increase in the dropout rate among Madrasah Tsanawiyah graduates in remote areas due to geographic barriers and extreme travel distances. The policy methodology used in this study is a descriptive-qualitative approach with problem priority analysis using the Urgency, Seriousness, and Growth (USG) method. Primary and secondary data are processed through School Mapping techniques and spatial analysis to identify the level of accessibility of educational services. Next, an analysis of alternative policies is conducted to weigh the effectiveness of community-based development models, urban moratorium policies, and the development of Geographic Information System (GIS)-based roadmaps. Risk mitigation was also developed to map technical, fiscal, and operational barriers to policy implementation on the ground. The analysis recommends the government immediately adopt a GIS-based Madrasah Equity Roadmap as a basis for objective decision-making. This strategy must be accompanied by a moratorium on madrasah development in saturated urban areas to redistribute the budget affirmatively to underdeveloped areas.

Accelerating Inclusive KUA: Harmonization of Regulations and Integration of Cross-Sectoral Services

Ahmad Solikhun — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The transformation of the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) into an inclusive religious service center is a strategic step to realize the mandate of religious moderation in Indonesia. However, this effort has faced stagnation due to a chronic gap between macro-political vision and technical operational legality at the ground level. This policy article employs a qualitative-descriptive methodology with a systematic analysis procedure that combines the study of regulatory documents and secondary data on service satisfaction. The analysis indicates that the stagnation in the inclusive KUA transformation stems from the absence of derivative regulations harmonizing cross-sectoral authority between the Ministry of Religious Affairs and the Ministry of Home Affairs. This situation is exacerbated by the dual legal regime of population administration and civil registration, which has fueled administrative uncertainty at the operational level. This article recommends the issuance of a Joint Decree (SKB) between the Ministers of Religious Affairs and the Ministers of Home Affairs as a "bridging regulation" to synchronize service protocols and legitimize SIMKAH-SIAK data interoperability. Implementation of this SKB is predicted to eliminate sectoral egos, provide legal protection for officials, and guarantee legal certainty for all citizens in accessing public services equally and without discrimination.

Nexus Ecotheology Curriculum Standards Policy: A Strategic Solution to Overcome Epistemological Fragmentation of Education at IAIN Pontianak

Noviansyah — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

West Kalimantan, as the epicenter of the world's lungs, continues to face the threat of massive environmental degradation, yet Islamic education at IAIN Pontianak remains trapped in a textual-sky paradigm that is sterile from ecological issues. The focus of this study is to formulate a curriculum reorientation through the Ecotheological Nexus standards to address epistemological fragmentation. The main gap is found in the sharp separation between theological doctrine and natural responsibility, where the curriculum exists dichotomously and anthropocentrically. Specific issues examined include the dominance of sectoral egos of scientific disciplines and the absence of integrative instruments in the curriculum, courses, and Semester Learning Plans (RPS). This study is urgent to maintain the institution's relevance amidst the global climate crisis. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design, this policy study makes IAIN Pontianak's curriculum documents the primary object of study through document analysis instruments. The results show that scientific fragmentation causes students to experience "ecological blindness" despite having a strong normative understanding. The main findings emphasize that integration can only occur through mandated regulatory intervention. In conclusion, the lack of operational standards is a major obstacle to the unification of science and religion. The strategic recommendation addressed to policy makers is to immediately ratify the Chancellor's Decree on the Nexus Ecotheology Curriculum Standards as a mandatory legal umbrella for integrating environmental issues across all study programs substantially.

Transforming Philanthropic Literacy on the Front Line: Integrating Cash Waqf Values into Marriage Guidance Services for the Productive Generation

Toni Kurnia Jaya — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This policy paper is motivated by an anomalous phenomenon in the Islamic philanthropy sector in Lampung Province, namely the significant gap between the high number of annual marriages and the low realization of accumulated cash waqf funds from prospective brides and grooms. The main problem is identified as the low ratio of public participation that is not commensurate with demographic potential, which is rooted in weak cash waqf literacy among the productive age population due to the lack of social environmental influence and the limited reach of adaptive counseling for the younger generation. The methodology used in this policy study is a qualitative-descriptive approach with document analysis and field observation, which is then evaluated using the William N. Dunn policy scoring method based on the criteria of effectiveness, feasibility, and impact to determine intervention priorities. The results of the analysis indicate that the main root of the problem lies in the inconsistency of educational narratives and the low specific competencies of apparatus on the front line of service. Therefore, this article recommends policy transformation through the issuance of the "Decree of the Head of the Lampung Ministry of Religious Affairs Regional Office concerning the Standardization of Marriage Guidance Curriculum (Bimwin) Based on Philanthropic Literacy". These recommendations include the integration of persuasive educational modules, the use of transparent digital tools, and a competency certification scheme for marriage registrars and counselors.

Transformation of Religious Services in Marginalized Areas: Engineering the Cluster System Policy for the Deficit of Christian Teachers and Counselors in South Sumatra

Parluhutan Lumban Batu — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This policy study is motivated by the low accessibility of religious services for Christians in marginalized areas of South Sumatra Province, characterized by a chronic gap in the ratio of religious instructors to religious teachers. The main problem focuses on the distribution of functional personnel, which is centralized in urban areas, while transmigration and coastal areas experience a lack of sustainable education and spiritual guidance services. This study uses a descriptive qualitative methodology with a policy evaluation approach modeled after William N. Dunn, which includes criteria for effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and technical feasibility. Using the Urgency, Seriousness, and Growth (USG) scoring technique, it was found that the inequality in human resource distribution is the most pressing issue requiring immediate intervention. The analysis results indicate that conventional recruitment mechanisms fail to address the extreme geographic barriers in South Sumatra. Therefore, this study recommends policy engineering through the implementation of a "Cluster System" or Integrated Religious Service Unit. This scheme legalizes the accumulation of teacher and instructor workloads across locations within a single service zone to fulfill administrative requirements for civil servants and professional allowances. Through this regulatory transformation, it is hoped that the problem of the small number of students at one coordinate point can be overcome, so that the state can guarantee the fulfillment of citizens' constitutional rights to embrace religion and receive proper religious education without being hampered by spatial and administrative limitations.

The Transformation of the Role of the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA): From Administrative Function to the Front Guard in Preventing Child Marriage in Jambi Province

Hesti Desmira — Wed, 22 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Child marriage in Jambi Province remains a significant issue despite the increase in the minimum age for marriage through Law Number 16 of 2019. This phenomenon indicates a gap between formal regulations and implementation at the grassroots level, requiring deeper policy intervention. This policy article aims to formulate a strategy for transforming the role of the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) so that it is no longer trapped in the administrative function of marriage registration, but instead becomes a front-line institution in systematic preventive action against child marriage. This paper uses a qualitative methodology with a qualitative approach using descriptive-analytical methods. Data collection was conducted through a literature review of current regulations, population statistics reports in Jambi, and a document review regarding the effectiveness of premarital counseling. The analysis was conducted using a gap analysis framework to map the differences between the legal mandate after the law revision and the current institutional capacity of the KUA in conducting early detection. The analysis shows that the main obstacles to transforming the role of the KUA include limited authority in mitigating marriage dispensations, the lack of competence of religious leaders in psychosocial counseling, and strong sociocultural pressures in the field. This article recommends revitalizing the function of the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) through the development of an Early Detection System (SDD) for child marriage, increasing the capacity of registrars as certified counselors, and strengthening cross-sectoral collaboration.

Reconceptualizing Victim Status on Victim Impact Statement in Indonesia

Wed, 21 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The Indonesian criminal justice system remains predominantly offender-centric, systematically marginalizing victims by reducing them to mere witnesses and neglecting their profound physical, emotional, and social harm. This structural imbalance contradicts constitutional guarantees of fair legal certainty and perpetuates secondary victimization. Grounded in normative legal research employing conceptual and statutory approaches, this study analyzes the 1945 Constitution, the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHP), and recent reforms like Law No. 12 of 2022 on Sexual Violence. It synthesizes victimological theory and comparative jurisprudence to argue for the adoption of the Victim Impact Statement (VIS) as a transformative mechanism. The findings reveal that VIS can bridge the gap between victims' subjective experiences and legal recognition, functioning as both a therapeutic tool for victim healing and an informational aid for proportionate sentencing within a restorative justice framework. However, successful implementation requires navigating challenges of judicial bias, equitable access, and defendant rights protection. The study concludes that reconceptualizing victim status from passive object to active participant is imperative. It recommends formal integration of VIS into the KUHP, supported by comprehensive judicial guidelines, institutional capacity building for the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK), and public awareness campaigns to foster a victim-centered paradigm that aligns with restorative justice principles and enhances systemic legitimacy.

The Economic and Legal Imperatives of Marriage Age Regulation: A Posnerian Analysis of National Productivity and Welfare

Wed, 21 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The enforcement of Law No. 16 of 2019 Amending the Marriage Law (No. 1 of 1974), which revised Indonesia's minimum marriage age, requires robust complementary policies to unlock its full socio-economic potential. This study analyzes the regulation from a Posnerian law and economics perspective, which posits that legal rules should be evaluated based on their capacity to maximize social benefits and minimize social costs. The research employs qualitative method with a normative legal approach, examining statutory provisions, legal doctrines, and international literature. Our findings indicate that raising the marriage age is a critical intervention for optimizing human capital by extending educational attainment and skill acquisition, particularly for women. This delay directly correlates with increased labor productivity, higher lifetime earnings, and enhanced family welfare, thereby reducing the long-term economic burdens of structural poverty and public health costs associated with early marriage. However, the policy's effectiveness is constrained by persistent cultural resistance and social norms in various Indonesian communities. The analysis reveals that without effective enforcement and socio-legal adaptation strategies, the intended economic benefits remain unrealized. The conclusion is that for the marriage age law to serve as a productive instrument for national development, it must be integrated with widespread public education, targeted economic empowerment programs, and consistent legal enforcement to internalize the negative externalities of child marriage and foster sustainable national welfare.

Interpretation of Jimenez's Theory in Contract Law Practice in Indonesia

Wed, 21 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Contract law practice in Indonesia tends to resolve disputes through economic compensation, overlooking the moral and social dimensions inherent in contractual relationships. This gap exists between the current formalistic civil law approach and the need for substantive justice, raising questions about the adequacy of the existing legal framework to fully remedy damages. This research examines the urgency of applying a more holistic contract remedy theory. This study employs qualitative method with a normative legal method with conceptual and comparative approaches. The analysis focuses on primary legal materials, such as the Indonesian Civil Code and court decisions, and secondary materials, including journals and books, with a focus on Felipe Jiménez’s pluralistic theory to evaluate its relevance in the Indonesian legal context. The findings indicate a significant discrepancy between theory and practice, with the judiciary prioritizing financial compensation. Jiménez's theory, which balances economic, moral, and social values, offers a more comprehensive framework, with the principle of good faith in the Civil Code as its juridical basis. It is concluded that applying this theory can enrich contract law practice by integrating restorative justice. It is recommended that legal academics and practitioners delve deeper into the literature on contract remedy theory, and that legal education be reformed alongside a review of relevant Civil Code provisions.

The Pandemic in Aceh History: Tracing the Acehnese Muslim Handlings of the Infected Patients

Inayatillah, Mellyan, Saiful Akmal, Muhammad Furqan — Wed, 21 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Multiple occurrences of the pandemic have happened throughout human history. In Aceh, the westernmost province of Indonesia, the plague is known as Taeun, from the term Taeun Ijabroek, or the plague that attacks the lowly in dirty, bad clothes. It becomes Taeun Wabasampoh, the plague that attacks anyone, including the king and ulee balang (the local administrators). In November of 1873, a cholera outbreak reached Aceh, brought by the Dutch army. In December of the same year, the death toll reached 150, and 500 others were treated. In 1876, the death toll reached 1,400 as a result of Taeun. In 1947 and 1960s, another smallpox outbreak struck Aceh. This present study uses a qualitative method by using library inquiry with a descriptive analysis approach. Formulating the problem, how could the government's policy help deal with Taeun's outbreak in Aceh? Research indicates that the government's policy on the treatment of pandemics is divided into preventive and curative measures, whether through the medical or non-medical fields. Medical curative is performed by giving standard medicines to patients, while traditional curative is conventionally conducted by giving traditional medicines like herbs. Preventive measures are taken to keep ourselves and the environment clean. Judging from the traditional Acehnese home that offers water pots on the front side of the house next to the main door, providing isolation for the sick, the tulak bala (disaster prevention supplication) ceremony is performed by praying together. Additionally, advertising and vaccinations are used in contemporary preventive measures.

Toward a Holistic Paradigm: Integrating Agency and Communion in Indonesia's Victim Justice System

Wed, 21 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This article proposes a new conceptual paradigm for understanding justice for crime victims by emphasizing two fundamental dimensions of human existence: agency and communion. The background of the problem indicates that despite normative progress, traditional justice approaches—retributive, restorative, and procedural—have yet to fully address the victim's need to simultaneously restore these two existential dimensions, creating a gap between the ideal of holistic justice and the fragmented reality of practice. This study aims to address the specific problem of formulating a justice framework that integrates the restoration of the victim's agency (sense of control and autonomy) and communion (social connectedness). The methodology employed is qualitative with a theoretical-conceptual research design, utilizing an in-depth literature review of social psychology theories, victimology, and legal philosophy. Data analysis techniques include content analysis and conceptual synthesis to construct an integrative model. The study results in a "Rehabilitative Justice" framework that integrates elements of traditional paradigms to simultaneously restore victims' agency and communion. The discussion reveals that this approach provides a theoretical foundation for reforming the Indonesian criminal justice system to be more humanistic and victim-centered. In conclusion, justice for victims must be understood as an existential rehabilitation process that restores dignity and social bonds. Recommendations include a philosophical reorientation of criminal law, a procedural reconstruction towards meaningful participation, and an institutional transformation of victim protection agencies towards comprehensive psychosocial and existential support.

Legal Efficiency and Population Control: Analysis of Indonesia's Family Planning Programme Based on Richard A. Posner's Theory

Fri, 23 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This paper analyses the Family Planning Programme (KB) in Indonesia through the perspective of Economic Analysis of Law (EAH) developed by Richard A. Posner, with a focus on legal efficiency in internalising demographic externalities and maximising social wealth. This study uses a legal-economic approach, combining normative legal research methods with economic analysis of public policy, particularly Law No. 52 of 2009 on Population Development and Family Development, Government Regulation No. 87 of 2014 concerning Population Development and Family Development, Family Planning and Family Information Systems, and Presidential Regulation No. 72 of 2021 on Accelerating Stunting Reduction. The results show that family planning policies are legal interventions that meet the Kaldor–Hicks efficiency criteria, as their social benefits, such as a decrease in the total fertility rate (TFR), increased female economic participation, and the creation of a demographic bonus, aggregate to exceed their implementation costs. However, inefficiencies still occur due to increased transaction costs and unmet needs, which reflect market failures and bureaucratic constraints. The analysis shows that the 2025 fiscal efficiency policy, which cuts the budget for contraceptive procurement, has the potential to cause greater social deadweight loss in the future. Therefore, it is recommended that family planning policies be directed towards long-term efficiency through budget protection based on incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), reduction of transaction costs, and strengthening of access rights to family planning services.

Inclusive Mosque Development in Banda Aceh City: Increasing Accessibility for People with Disabilities

Syarifah Hanifa Soraya — Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This policy paper describes that Mosques as centers of religious and social activities must be inclusive and accessible for all, including people with disabilities. Accessibility in worship includes ease and comfort in using public facilities in places of worship, in this case mosques are very much needed by every individual who uses these facilities. However, many mosques in Indonesia, especially in Banda Aceh, do not meet adequate accessibility standards. So people with disabilities very rarely get the opportunity to worship comfortably and easily in places of worship, especially mosques, which causes people with this special condition to feel less confident to actualize themselves in carrying out their obligations like Muslims in general. This special condition is actually not only experienced by people who have special needs from birth, but also people who experience certain diseases or people who are elderly. This Policy Paper aims to identify obstacles and opportunities for the development of inclusive mosques, especially in the city of Banda Aceh. Using literature analysis and case studies, we recommend policies and strategies to improve mosque accessibility for people with disabilities. These recommendations include: (1) Develop adequate policies and regulations to regulate the accessibility of mosques for people with disabilities, (2) Development of inclusive and accessible mosque infrastructure for people with disabilities, and (3) Conduct training for mosque managers and administrators on the needs of people with disabilities.

Strengthening Finances Pondok Pesantren: Identifying Factors Affecting Economic Empowerment in Dayah Mini Aceh

Muhammad Zulhilmi, Winny Dian Safitri, Susi Afriani, Rachmi Meutia — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Dayah Mini Aceh has excellent potential in boosting the economy. This can be seen in the businesses that have been developed in Dayah Mini, including fish and shrimp ponds, goats, chickens, ducks and water depots managed directly by the students. The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze how much the understanding of entrepreneurship affects the economic empowerment of Pondok Pesantren. This study is quantitative research using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method with a Partial Least Square (PLS) approach with a population of 30 Dayah Mini Aceh students aged 16-19 years. The data used in this study is primary data by distributing questionnaires directly. The results of this study show that entrepreneurial knowledge does not have a significant effect on the empowerment of Pondok Pesantren. This can be influenced by the age factor of the students who are still very young in making a decision; entrepreneurial ability does not have a significant effect on the economic empowerment of pesantren because the role of students as business managers is not administrative or business sustainability; entrepreneurial skills have a significant effect on the economic empowerment of pesantren-based communities; Creative and innovative in entrepreneurship has a significant effect on the economic empowerment of Pondok Pesantren. Economic empowerment in Dayah Mini must be carried out actively by improving the skills, innovation and creativity of students in developing the spirit of entrepreneurship in order to encourage the financial strengthening of Dayah Mini Aceh.

Integrating Preventive (Ex-ante) and Deterrent (Ex-post) Mechanisms in Labor Law Compliance and Enforcement: A Comprehensive Approach for Indonesia

Sat, 31 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Employment law enforcement in Indonesia is caught in a dilemma between legal certainty and social justice. This article identifies compliance challenges, analyzes the relevance of preventive (ex-ante) and remedial (ex-post) mechanisms, and formulates an integrative model based on responsive regulation. The study uses qualitative method with a normative juridical approach with a comparative analysis of practices in Australia, the United Kingdom, and South Korea, and a review of Indonesian labor inspection data from 2023. The results indicate that law enforcement remains ineffective due to limited supervisory capacity, low legal awareness, and unequal industrial relations. Ex-ante mechanisms (such as education and compliance certification) can prevent violations, while ex-post mechanisms (such as progressive sanctions) ensure accountability. Integrating the two within a responsive regulatory framework balances voluntary compliance with credible deterrence. The study recommends five strategic steps: (1) reforming and digitizing the inspection system; (2) establishing a National Labor Compliance Commission; (3) revising Government Regulation No. 35/2021 to include ex-ante instruments; (4) strengthening the capacity of trade unions and employer organizations; and (5) improving the Industrial Relations Court with class action and fast-track mechanisms. This integration provides a normative foundation for a more responsive, fair, and adaptive labor law system in Indonesia.

Posner, Rawls, and Sen’s Perspectives on the Program of Koperasi Merah Putih and Halal Tourism Areas

Andra Bani Sagalane, Sirot, Muhammad Hasyim, Ade Netra, Faisal Santiago — Sat, 31 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Community-based economic development programs, such as the Merah Putih Cooperative and Halal Tourism Zone in Jakarta, often rely on technical-instrumental approaches that lack a robust philosophical foundation, thereby imperiling their sustainability and equity. A significant gap persists between the constitutional ideal of cooperatives as the cornerstone of the Pancasila economy and the suboptimal reality of their implementation in delivering inclusive member welfare. This study aims to critically analyze these programs through the theoretical lenses of Richard A. Posner (economic efficiency), John Rawls (procedural justice), and Amartya Sen (capability empowerment) to construct a holistic and multidimensional evaluation framework. The research employs a qualitative method with a conceptual-philosophical study design. Data were collected through an in-depth literature review of the primary and secondary works of the three philosophers, alongside relevant policy documents. Data analysis was conducted using an interpretive-critical approach to synthesize these divergent perspectives. The findings reveal that integrating the three philosophies produces a tripartite evaluation framework composed of: operational efficiency (Posner), distributive and procedural justice (Rawls), and the expansion of members’ substantive freedoms (Sen). This synthesis demonstrates that a program’s success is not measured solely by the growth of cooperative assets, but more profoundly by the equitable distribution of benefits and the enhancement of members’ capabilities to live lives they have reason to value. In conclusion, community-based economic development necessitates a dynamic equilibrium between the instrument of efficiency, the morality of justice, and the ultimate goal of human empowerment.

Postner's Economic Efficiency and the Critique of Social Justice

Sat, 31 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The dominance of the law and economics approach, championed by Richard A. Posner, promotes wealth maximization and economic efficiency as the paramount objectives of law. This creates a fundamental gap with distributive justice theories, which posit that the law's primary ethical duty is to ensure equity and moral fairness. The central problem is the apparent tension between a legal system designed for optimal resource allocation and one obligated to deliver social justice, raising critical questions about law's normative foundations. This dialectic is especially significant for pluralistic jurisdictions like Indonesia, where legal ideals must reconcile with socio-cultural values. This study employs qualitative method with a normative-philosophical research design, conducting a critical analysis of primary texts from Posner, Rawls, Sen, and Dworkin. The analytical method involves philosophical argumentation and comparative legal theory to deconstruct the premises and implications of both paradigms. The analysis reveals that while economic efficiency offers a valuable practical framework for predicting behavioral incentives and evaluating legal outcomes, it operates within an amoral calculus that fails to address fundamental questions of rights, dignity, and equitable distribution. As a result, efficiency cannot support social justice as the ethical cornerstone of law. For Indonesia, this necessitates a constitutional synthesis where efficiency-based instruments are consciously subordinated to and harmonized with the principles of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, which enshrine social justice. Therefore, it is recommended that Indonesian legal scholarship and policymaking explicitly adopt an integrated framework where efficiency serves as a tool within, not the goal of, a justice-oriented legal system.

Legal Analysis of the Establishment of Islamic Banks from the Interest-Bearing Business Results of Conventional Banks

Widya Wahyu Utami, Muhamad Rizki, Faisal Santiago — Sun, 01 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The development of Islamic banking in Indonesia through spin-off mechanisms from conventional banks raises juridical-philosophical issues related to the legality and legitimacy of initial capital sources derived from interest-bearing (riba) businesses. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the establishment of Islamic banks sourced from the interest-bearing profits of conventional banks from the perspective of Indonesian positive law and Islamic law. As comprehensive qualitative research, this study employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results show that from a formal-juridical perspective, the establishment of Islamic banks through spin-offs is permitted by national banking regulations, specifically Law No. 21 of 2008, which places greater emphasis on fulfilling capital and institutional aspects. However, substantively, Islamic law requires a process of separation and purification of assets (tathhir al-mal) to cleanse capital from elements of riba. Without this mechanism, the Islamic legitimacy of the bank becomes fragile, even if its formal legality is met. This study confirms that substantive sharia compliance, which includes the purity of capital sources, is a fundamental prerequisite for maintaining the integrity and public trust in the sharia banking industry in Indonesia.

Legal Responsibility and Accountability of the Medical Profession Within the Framework of Ministry of Health Regulation No. 3 of 2025: Challenges and Opportunities

Mohamad Ihsan Ramdani — Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This article examines legal liability and professional accountability in the medical profession within the framework of Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 3 of 2025, with particular emphasis on the establishment and authority of the Medical Professional Disciplinary Council (Majelis Disiplin Profesi/MDP). This study employs a normative legal approach by analyzing statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and relevant scholarly literature in the fields of health law and professional discipline. The findings indicate that Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 3 of 2025 has normatively established a more structured regime of medical professional discipline through a clear separation between disciplinary mechanisms and criminal as well as civil liability mechanisms. The MDP is positioned as a specialized administrative body tasked with safeguarding professional standards and ensuring the accountability of medical practitioners, supported by procedural rules and types of sanctions designed to guarantee procedural justice. This regulatory framework is consistent with theories of professional accountability and legal certainty with , although it continues to present normative challenges, particularly concerning appeal mechanisms and inter-institutional coordination among law enforcement bodies. This article contributes to the development of health law scholarship by offering an institutional and systemic analysis of medical professional discipline and by providing a conceptual foundation for policy refinement and future research on the implementation of medical professional accountability in Indonesia.

Intercultural Communication in Islamic Preaching in the Multicultural Society of Kampung Sawah Bekasi

Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Kampung Sawah is known as one of the multicultural areas in Indonesia, where religious, cultural, and ethnic diversity coexist harmoniously. In this context, Islamic da'wah serves not only as a means of conveying religious teachings but also as a medium of intercultural communication that demands sensitivity, tolerance, and adaptive communication strategies. This study aims to analyze the practice of intercultural communication in Islamic da'wah in the multicultural community of Kampung Sawah, with an emphasis on the communication patterns of da'wah preachers, the da'wah approaches used, and the responses of cross-cultural and interfaith communities to these da'wah activities. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive-analytical methods, because it aims to understand in depth the phenomenon of intercultural communication in the practice of Islamic da'wah in the multicultural community of Kampung Sawah. The qualitative approach was chosen to explore the meaning, values, and socio-cultural dynamics that underlie the da'wah process, both from the perspective of the da'wah preacher and the recipient community. The results show that Islamic da'wah in Kampung Sawah tends to use a cultural and dialogical approach, prioritizing universal values such as tolerance, brotherhood, justice, and peace. The preachers not only convey Islamic messages in a normative manner but also accommodate local wisdom, everyday language, and local traditions. This inclusive communication approach has proven effective in building harmonious social relations and minimizing the potential for interfaith conflict. Thus, intercultural communication in Islamic preaching in Kampung Sawah serves as a model of moderate preaching relevant to Indonesia's multicultural society.

Mediation of Power in Political Communication in the Era of Information Globalization (Case Study of the Golkar Party)

Achmad Muchlis, Andi Faisal Bakti — Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Information globalization has fundamentally transformed the structure and practice of political communication in contemporary democracies. Rapid, cross-border digital information flows mediated by global media platforms have weakened the capacity of states and political parties to control public narratives. Political communication no longer operates within centralized and hierarchical spaces, but rather within fragmented and competitive digital public spheres. This study aims to analyze how the Golkar Party, as an established political party, conducts political communication in the context of information globalization and the weakening role of the state. This research employs a qualitative approach within a constructivist paradigm using a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with local Golkar Party elites and document analysis, and analyzed using critical discourse analysis. The findings indicate that Golkar’s political communication functions as a process of mediated meaning negotiation within digital media environments. Political power is no longer derived solely from formal institutional structures, but increasingly depends on media visibility and public trust. The Golkar Party adopts a hybrid political communication strategy by combining organizational structures with adaptive digital communication practices. This study concludes that political communication of established parties in the era of information globalization should be understood as a dynamic and relational arena of mediated power, where political legitimacy is continuously negotiated within digital public spaces.

Integrated Policy Strategies for Addressing Out-of-School Children (OSC) in Metro City

Yuli Yanto — Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Education is a fundamental right; however, Metro City faces an anomaly where 526 children remain out of school (ATS) despite achieving a "Very High" Human Development Index (HDI). This study aims to identify the root causes of Out-of-School Children (OSC) and formulate integrated management strategies. The methodology employs a qualitative approach, utilizing the Urgency, Seriousness, and Growth (USG) method for priority analysis and a Fishbone Diagram for root cause identification.The findings indicate that family economic status is the primary determinant (highest USG score of 14), where poverty remains the driving force behind children leaving school in Metro City. Other contributing factors include early marriage, limited accessibility for people with disabilities, and an unconducive school climate resulting from bullying. The discussion emphasizes the necessity of implementing policies based on human capital theory and social ecology to foster an inclusive educational environment. The study concludes that addressing OSC in Metro City requires simultaneous rather than fragmented policies. The proposed recommendation is the enactment of a Metro Mayoral Regulation on the Regional Action Plan for Handling Out-of-School Children (RADPATS). The regulatory substance should focus on: Strengthening social protection through the validation of the National Socio-Economic Single Data (DTSEN) to ensure targeted distribution of aid, such as the Kartu Metro Bahagia; Enhancing educator competence to establish Child-Friendly Schools (SRA); and Integrating OSC management programs into regional planning documents (RPJMD/RKPD) by involving a pentahelix of stakeholders.

Digital Transformation and Legal Certainty: Substantive Examination in Indonesian Corporate Governance

MJ. Widijatmoko, Lisza Nurchayatie, Radif Khotamir Rusli — Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The digitalization of corporate legal services in Indonesia, spearheaded by the Directorate General of General Law Administration (Ditjen AHU), represents a significant bureaucratic reform. However, the convenience of self-declaration systems has raised concerns about legal certainty, leading to the implementation of a substantive examination policy for corporate data alterations. This study analyzes the implications of this policy shift, examining the tension between administrative efficiency and the imperative of legal certainty. Using a doctrinal research method, this paper investigates the legal framework, implementation challenges, and theoretical underpinnings of the substantive examination policy. The results indicate that while the policy is a necessary corrective to the vulnerabilities of the previous system, its implementation faces significant operational hurdles, including capacity constraints and procedural complexities. The discussion reasserts fundamental civil law principles, analyzes practical implementation issues, and draws lessons from comparative international models to propose a hybrid, risk-based verification framework. The conclusion argues that the long-term success of this reform depends on integrating technology to create a system that is both secure and efficient, thereby strengthening corporate governance and investor confidence in Indonesia.

From Tradition to Transaction: Architecting a Philosophically-Grounded Digital Entrepreneurial Ecosystem for Indonesian Pesantren

Anas Alhifni, Radif Khotamir Rusli, Martin Roestamy, Biyati Ahwarumi — Wed, 22 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The global digital economy presents a formidable challenge to traditional institutions, demanding a paradigm shift that balances cultural preservation with economic innovation. This study investigates the construction of an ethical and sustainable Digital Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (DEE) for Indonesian Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), institutions central to the nation’s social and religious fabric. Grounded in a philosophical synthesis of Indonesia’s People’s Economy (Ekonomi Kerakyatan) principles and Islamic ethics, this research addresses the critical nexus of traditional values and modern digital transactional demands. Employing a qualitative multi-case study of five influential pesantren in East Java, the research identifies the core components and strategic pathways for this digital transition. The findings reveal that a successful ecosystem architecture rests on three pillars: Ethical-Spiritual Governance, leveraging the moral authority of leadership (Kyai) and community trust; Socio-Digital Collaboration, which translates immense social capital into structured digital networks; and Inclusive Capacity Building, which creates accessible pathways for digital literacy and entrepreneurship. This study critiques the conventional technology-centric ecosystem models, proposing a novel, values-driven framework that positions pesantren as architects of a more equitable and culturally resonant digital future. It contributes a philosophically robust model for digital entrepreneurship that prioritizes holistic community welfare (falah) over profit-centric metrics, offering a significant contribution to the discourse on ethical technology adoption in religious communities.